Blogue
07 March 2019
Do I need the yellow fever vaccine?
Yellow fever information
Yellow fever is transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito, mainly Aedes species in Africa and Haemagogus genus in South America.
Mosquitoes that carry the yellow fever virus usually bite during the day, especially at sunrise and sunset.
In 85% of cases, the infection does not cause symptoms. When there are symptoms, the patient has a high fever with headaches and body aches.
In 15% of cases, the disease progresses to affect the liver and kidneys with the appearance of jaundice, urinary disorders and haemorrhages, which lead to death in about half of cases.
Individual protection provided by the yellow fever vaccine occurs within 10 days of injection. This protection is durable for life and of very good quality.
The yellow fever vaccine should only be used when absolutely necessary or if the risk of infection in the area visited is proven:
- in pregnant or nursing women;
- in the person of more than 60 years (in first injection).
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Many travelers think that traveling to Asia, they must receive the vaccine against yellow fever. Why ?
Just that they are Asian countries and that they are in a region according to them that could have cases of yellow fever.
It is important to know, for both travel health professionals and travelers, that there is no yellow fever in Asia.
The only cases recorded in recent years (2016) are cases confirmed in China by travelers arriving from endemic countries (Angola) who contracted the yellow fever virus before returning to China.
WHO : 6 April 2016 Disease Outbreak News
It is also important to know that some Asian countries may require that you be vaccinated before entering their country because they have monkeys and mosquitoes that can develop the disease and pass it on, should a traveler ever arrive an endemic country and is bitten by the mosquito in this country. They do not want to take risk as the disease develops.
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Here is the advice of the World Health Organization on this subject
"WHO urges Members States especially those where the establishment of a local cycle of transmission is possible (i.e. where the competent vector is present) to strengthen the control of immunisation status of travellers to all potentially endemic areas."
Africa
| Angola | Benin | Burkina Faso | Burundi | Cameroon |
| Central Africain Republic | Chad | Congo, Democratic republic of | Congo, Republic of | Equatorial Guinea |
| Ethiopia | Gabon | Gambia, The | Ghana | Guinea |
| Guinea Bissau | Ivory Coast | Kenya | Liberia | Mali |
| Mauritania | Niger | Nigeria | Senegal | Sierra Leone |
| Sudan | South Sudan | Togo | Uganda |
South America, Central America
| Argentina | Bolivia | Brazil | Colombia | Ecuador |
| French Guyana | Guyana | Panama | Paraguay | Peru |
| Suriname | Trinidad and Tobaco | Venezuela |
According to the United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
"The risk of contracting yellow fever in South America is lower than in Africa, because mosquitoes that transmit the virus between monkeys in the forest cover of South America do not often come into contact with humans. In addition, the level of immunity among local residents is relatively high due to the use of the vaccine, which could reduce the risk of transmission. "
Some countries require the International Certificate of vaccination for all regardless of where the travelers come from and their itinerary:ex: Angola
Some countries require the International Certificate of vaccination from travelers a year or 9 months or more from endemic risk areas or from countries at risk of yellow fever transmission.ex: Trinidad and Tobaco
Other countries require the International Certificate of vaccination for travelers aged 1 year or 9 months and over from endemic areas and for travelers who have been in transit at an airport in a country with a risk of transmission of yellow fever: ex: Saudi Arabia
Other countries do not require vaccination certificates: Brazil
Your travel health professional (Member of Travel Health Assist), has access to all information regarding yellow fever vaccination requirements and also all recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) as well as the International Certificate of vaccination.
Only registered Yellow Fever Vaccination Centers can give the yellow fever vaccine and provide the International Certificate of Vaccination to travelers and other individuals. After receiving the vaccine you will receive an International Certificate of vaccination completed, signed and validated with the official stamp of Government of Canada.
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